使文档易于访问

为什么要使文档易于访问?

文档 remain one of the primary methods for communicating information. 不幸的是，许多文本资源可能无法访问.

物理文档, 比如这10个,由Auraria图书馆提供的906个印刷资源, are inherently inaccessible for people who are blind or have limited vision. 另外, 对印刷材料的扫描同样可以, 如果不是更多的话, 比他们的实体对手更难以接近. With over one-hundred million digital resources provided by the Auraria图书馆, it is essential to assess 和 remediate documents for accessibility before distribution.

的 resources on this page provide an overview of document accessibility 和 guidance on how to use 微软文字处理软件 和 adobeacrobatpro 以创建更易于访问的文档.

adobeacrobatpro 应该只用于修复现有的pdf. 中创建文档是可能的 adobeacrobatpro, 微软文字处理软件 should be the go-to application for 密歇根州立大学丹佛 employees seeking to create accessible 数字文件. Not only can Word documents be distributed as accessible resources, they can also be saved as numerous file types while still being able to edit the original document.

For opportunities to learn more about creating accessible content, consider attending a 主动无障碍认证工作坊.

 

什么不工作使可访问的文件

的 following list consists of the most common issues that make documents inaccessible 以及如何避免它们的快速步骤:

• 使用 color or underline as the only means of conveying meaning or importance; visual indicators are inaccessible to many readers
  • Instead: use programmatically determinable styles to support visual indicators.
  • 注意:在 微软文字处理软件, bold 和 italics are visual modifiers that cannot be detected by screen readers. 的 Strong 和 强调 应该使用样式.
• Inserting equations or formulas in a PDF document; equations 和 formulas in PDFs cannot be rendered to an accessible format.
  • Instead: present the equations in 微软文字处理软件 or Canvas
• Creating negative space with repeated blank characters; screen readers will read every blank character created with the space, 选项卡, 或者输入键.
  • 相反:使用内置的工具(如.e. 页和分段的换行符、页边距等.)来创造屏幕阅读器会跳过的负空间
• Inserting pictures of charts or 选项卡les; charts 和 选项卡les that are inserted as images provide almost no information to screen readers.
  • 相反:使用 插入工具 插入图表和表格.
  • 文档 created outside of the institution may have images of charts 和 选项卡les.
    • Tables can be recreated or retagged to be programmatically determinable
    • Charts need to be recreated or presented with alternative text 和 long description (reference Make Images Accessible)
• 使用成语, 俗语, or jargon outside of topic specific terminology; language that is unclear, 模糊的, 或者不相关的内容会给很多读者造成障碍.
  • Instead: use clear 和 precise language appropriate for the anticipated knowledge level of the reader.
  • Idioms 和 俗语 for stylistic purposes should be defined for clarity.
• 使用 微软插图; 插图 is inaccessible as it cannot be detected by screen readers.
  • Instead: text based lists are a good alternative for any flowchart process
• Inserting images 和 other visuals with text wrapping; using any of the text wrapping options makes it more difficult to navigate the text for many readers.
  • 相反:插入所有视觉效果“与文本对齐”
• 将链接显示为完整的url, 模棱两可的单词, or repetitive phrases; using language such as “click here” makes links difficult to identify for all readers, 和 full URLs are difficult to for almost everyone to read.
  • Instead: use short phrases that indicate the purpose or destination of the link
  • Exception: 物理文档 need full URLs; the purpose of the URL should be indicated within the context, 和 some URLs may need to be shortened for full accessibility.

Dig Deeper with these 额外的资源 (external links)

• 访问 微软Word的辅助功能页面 for more information on making 微软文字处理软件 documents accessible.
• 访问 Adobe的可访问性概述页面 以获取有关使pdf易于访问的更多信息.
•  访问 General Services Administration: Create Accessible 文档 for more information on document accessibility 和 Section 508 compliance.